Understanding Sleep Terrors (Night Terrors)
Sleep terrors (also known as night terrors) are episodes of intense fear and panic that occur during sleep. Unlike nightmares, sleep terrors happen during deep sleep stages, often in the first few hours of the night, and are more common in children. Though the person experiencing sleep terrors may appear awake, they are still in a sleep state and typically don’t remember the event upon waking.
Diagnosing sleep terrors?
Diagnosing sleep terrors typically involves several key steps:
1. Discussing Your Medical History:
A healthcare professional will start by discussing your medical and family history. This helps identify any conditions that could be contributing to the sleep terror episodes. Family history is especially important, as sleep disorders can run in families.
2. Talking About Symptoms:
Sleep terrors are usually diagnosed based on the description of the events by the person experiencing them or their bed partner. In some cases, a video recording of an episode can provide helpful insight into the event.
3. Overnight Sleep Study (Polysomnography):
This involves monitoring brain waves, oxygen levels, heart rate, and breathing patterns using sensors placed on the body. The study can track eye movements, leg movements, and any abnormal sleep behaviors.
Treatment Options for Sleep Terrors
While many individuals experience sleep terrors that resolve on their own, treatment is necessary when episodes become frequent or pose a safety risk. Here are common treatment options:
2. Stress Management:
Since stress and anxiety can trigger sleep terrors, addressing these issues may help prevent future occurrences. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), relaxation therapy, and hypnosis may be effective treatments.
3. Anticipatory Awakening:
In some cases, a technique called anticipatory awakening may be recommended. This involves waking the individual 15 minutes before their typical sleep terror episode, then allowing them to fall back asleep, which can prevent the event from happening.
4. Medication for Sleep Terrors:
Although medications are typically used as a last resort, they may be prescribed for individuals with severe sleep terrors. Benzodiazepines or certain antidepressants may help in managing these episodes, but they are rarely needed, especially for children.
When Should You Seek Help for Sleep Terrors?
You should consult a healthcare provider if:
- Sleep terrors occur frequently or worsen over time.
- They pose a safety risk to you or others in the household.
- They disrupt daily activities or cause significant distress.
- The person experiencing sleep terrors feels embarrassed or self-conscious about the events.
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